by Chapter 16 Chemistry in Everyday Life Chemistry Notes For CBSE Students
16.1 Sleeping pills are recommended by doctors to the patients suffering from sleeplessness but it is not advisable to take its doses without consultation with the doctor. Why ?
Ans: Sleeping pills contain drugs which may be tranquilizers or antidepressants. They affect the nervous system and induce sleep. However, if these doses are not properly controlled, they may create havoc. They even adversely affect the vital organs of the body. So whenever sleeping pills are to be taken they should be taken after consultation with doctor about the dose concentration and dose timing.
Most of the drugs taken in doses higher than recommended may cause harmful effect and act as poison.
16.2 With reference to which classification has the statement, “ranitidine is an antacid” been given?
Ans: This statement refers to the classification according to pharmacological effect of the drug because any drug which will be used to counteract the effect of excess acid in the stomach will be called antacid.
Antacids are the medicinal agents which decreases the excess level of hydrochloric acid in stomach. Ranitidine belongs to the class of Histamine receptors blockers, where they block the action of H2 receptors present in stomach, which are responsible for the excess secretion of gastric acid in stomach.
16.3 Why do we require artificial sweetening agents?
Ans: Those people who have diabetes or who need to control intake of calories, they cannot take sugar. They need its substitute.
The intake of refined sugars (sucrose, glucose) should be avoided. Therefore, artificial sweetening agents that do not add to the calorie intake of a person are required. Saccharin (500 times as sweet as sucrose), aspartame (a peptide 160 times sweeter than sucrose) are few examples of artificial sweeteners.
16.4 Write the chemical equation for preparing sodium soap from glyceryl oleate and glyceryl palmitate. Structural formulae of these compounds are given below.
(i) (C15H31COO)3C3H5 – Glyceryl palmitate
(ii) (C17H32COO)3C3H5 – Glyceryl oleate
Ans: (i)
16.5 Following type of non-ionic detergents are present in liquid detergents, emulsifying agents and wetting agents. Label the hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts in the molecule. Identify the functional group(s) present in the molecule.
Ans:
Functional groups present in the detergent molecule are:
- Ether
- 1°alcoholic group
